Brakes are a vital part of every vehicle, and we rely on them not just to stop but also to help us avoid an accident or collision. The automobile sector has advanced greatly since the inception of the woodblock braking system to today's advanced disc brakes and drum brakes. Drum and disc brakes are the two most common types of brake systems found in modern vehicles, and they are frequently used in tandem. Let's dig into each: what is a disc and drum brake, the difference between disc brake and drum brake, and the advantages of disc brakes over drum brakes.

In the vehicle industry, two types of brakes are commonly used: drum-type brakes and disc-type brakes. Both are currently in use in motor vehicles.

Although both types of brakes function on the same friction principle, they are different in their effectiveness and design.

When brakes are applied, the kinetic energy is converted into thermal or heat energy. This efficiently brings the vehicle to a stop while creating heat.

The basic distinction between a drum-type and a disc type of brake is the rate at which heat is dissipated.

Drum brakes existed before disc brakes. They are the very first 'in-tyre' braking system. Previously, only rudimentary handbrakes were used.

The first-ever drum brakes were employed on a Maybach in the year 1900 and obtained a patent two years later. They quickly became popular and were frequently used in early automobiles. These brakes can be found in motorbikes, cars, scooters, and huge vehicles.

As the name suggests, in the drum brake system, all the components are enclosed within the drum, that rotates along with the wheels.

When the brake pedal is pressed down, the set of shoes present inside the drum makes contact with the drum, generating friction and ultimately slowing down the wheels.

Consequently, when the brake pedal is pressed, pressure is applied to the wheel cylinder through the steel cable present in the brake line. This causes the brake shoe to press against the drum, slowing the vehicle down.

Disc brakes are a relatively new type that are more commonly found in modern vehicles. Jaguar originally introduced them in the year 1953. They are now often found in high-performance vehicles and as front brakes for most vehicles.

These brakes utilise the same friction theory as drum brakes. However, they feature superior braking power and an open-air design.

As in drum brakes, the components are not enclosed in a drum but rather open and exposed to air. Disc brakes consist of two primary components: a calliper and a rotor that slows the wheels. The rotor is connected to the wheel hub.

Within the calliper, there is a pair of brake pads, positioned one on each side. When you press the brake pedal, the hydraulic fluid puts pressure on the brake pads, causing them to shift inward and press on the rotor. This action reduces the speed of the wheels.

Drum-type brakes, although an older design, are still frequently used in cars, scooters, bikes, and other heavy vehicles. The following are the advantages they offer:

Here are some of the advantages and disadvantages of disc brakes:

Despite the advantages and disadvantages of both disc and drum brakes, the answer to the question of which one is superior is complicated.

In a point-to-point comparison, disc brakes often perform better than drum brakes. They are commonly used in several mid-level, high-level, and non-performance models on all four wheels.

Currently, plenty of vehicles come with both brakes. Manufacturers provide disc brakes for the front wheels and drum-type brakes for the rear. The reason is that about 60%-90% vehicle's stopping power is on the front wheels.

This combo design has proven to be more cost-effective and well-suited for meeting the braking requirements of vehicles, especially cars. Furthermore, the drum-type brake design has undergone significant improvement since its introduction. The present-day drum brake system works well on the rear wheels.

So, you can have a combination of them or entirely disc brakes. Any of those choices may work perfectly.

Having learned about the two types of brakes and how important they are to safety, the importance of servicing and maintaining them cannot be undervalued.

You might be enticed to update the brake system in your vehicles. Any upgrade to your vehicle's brakes might alter the risk profile of the vehicle. Therefore, for optimal performance and safety, follow the manufacturer's recommendations for your vehicle's braking system.

Do not take the safety of your car's braking systems for granted; they play a critical part in keeping you safe. Know the type of brakes your vehicle has and the way they work. Regular brake servicing is important. Additionally, purchase car insurance. It is not only mandatory as per the Government of India regulations but also acts as a financial cushion in unfortunate incidents. Before buying car insurance, consider checking different types of car insurance and check the car insurance details if you are buying a used car to ensure that you have the correct cover suitable for you.

Which brake type is more suitable for passenger cars?


The use of disc brakes or a combination of drum and disc brakes are both suitable for passenger vehicles. These have been demonstrated to provide excellent performance, especially at high speeds.

Can I alter the braking system of my car?


Yes, replacing your car's drum brakes with disc brakes can be possible. However, before altering your vehicle's braking system, please consult with a specialist.

What is the meaning of water fade?


Water fade happens when water gets lodged between the rotor or drum and brake lining, reducing the required friction and impacting the brake's effectiveness.

What is the use of the calliper bracket?


The calliper brackets attach the callipers to the brake to ensure that they do not move. Thus, calliper brackets are required for disc brakes.

Disclaimer: The above information is indicative in nature. For more details on the risk factor, terms and conditions, please refer to the Sales Brochure and Policy Wordings carefully before concluding a sale.